One of the main weapons a golf architect has in his or her arsenal is to use visual deception to confuse the golfer, making them uncertain as to which shot to execute. By taking advantage of a number of genetically hardwired rules, people can be be fooled to such an extent that they have a hard time maintaining calm and logical judgement.
At IVGD, we are proudly continuing the tradition of visual deception which was started by Alister Mackenzie after his return from the Boer War having become an expert in the art of camouflage. We are delighted that that even in the age of strokesavers, lasers and GPS devices, it is still perfectly possible to confuse and deceive a player's senses.
Balance nothing if you can avoid it.
Tom Simpson “The Architectural Side of Golf” 1930
St. Andrews is the least obvious course in the world. It is covered with concealed rolls, bunkers, hollows, and hummocks, which become more and more bewildering as the ground becomes harder.
Bobby Jones “Golf Is My Game” 1960